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Static Routes Case Study

In this section we will define a demand with a destination IP and let the program route the demand according to the options and hardware settings present in the network. We will then define a new path for the demand and enforce this path using a static route. After defining the static routes, the demand path will be observed again to verify that it does indeed follow the defined static route. Note that for static routes to be successful in routing a demand, the demand must have an IP address associated with its destination, not simply a node name. This is due to the way static routes are defined in actual router configuration files.

Defining the Demand

  1. Open the sample Fish network in /u/wandl/sample/IP/fish by double clicking the spec.mpls-fish file in the File Manager window.
  2. Switch to Modify mode. In this case study we are interested in demands terminating at node NYC. In order for static routes to work, there must be an IP address associated with the destination node. Click on the Modify menu and select Nodes. Scroll down until you see node NYC. Highlight it and click the Modify button to bring up the Modify Node window. Type in 10.10.10.11 for the IP address as shown in Figure 1. Click OK when finished.
    Figure 1: Assign an IP address to node NYCAssign an IP address to node NYC
  3. Go to Modify > Elements > Demands... and select the demand xflow79 between SFO and NYC. Double-click this entry or click the Modify > Selected... button to modify this demand.
  4. Modify the demand by typing in the Location tab the corresponding IP address for its destination node as shown in Figure 2. In this case, the IP address is 10.10.10.11 for NYC. Click “OK” to continue.
    Figure 2: Fill in the IP address for the destination nodeFill in the IP address for the destination node
  5. Update the network by clicking the Update button or by selecting Modify > Update Network State. Reopen the Demands window by selecting Network > Elements > Demands. Now you can display the path of the demand xflow79 by selecting the demand and clicking the Show Path button. The current path will be displayed in the Map window as shown in Figure 3 below.
    Figure 3: Path of demand xflow79, from SFO to NYCPath of demand xflow79, from SFO to NYC

Creating the Static Route Table

Suppose it has been decided that the demand xflow79 and other such demands going to node NYC (10.10.10.11) are to be rerouted to go through node CHI instead of PHI. This could be due to the fact that the link between PHI and NYC is being heavily utilized, as indicated by the red/purple colored link. Thus, it is necessary to create a static route table at node WDC to enforce this route.

  1. First, identify if there are any tunnels available starting from node WDC that go through CHI. To do this, switch to View mode, right click on node WDC, and select View>Tunnels On/Thru Node.

  2. In the new Tunnels at Node: WDC(WDC) window, notice that the tunnel RWDCBOS goes from node WDC to node BOS. Highlight this tunnel and click the Show Path button. The path of this tunnel will be displayed in the Map window, as shown below in Figure 4:

    Figure 4: Path of tunnel RWDCBOS from WDC to BOSPath of tunnel RWDCBOS from WDC to BOS

    This is a good choice for the next hop of a static route at node WDC for the purpose of this example, since it will route all demands through nodes CHI, DET, and BOS rather than through node PHI.

  3. In Modify mode, right click on the WDC node and select Modify Static Route Table.

  4. Click the Add button to bring up the Add Static Route window.

  5. Select NYC from the Dest. Node dropdown menu. The Dest. (IP/Mask) field will be automatically filled in. Then, in the Next Hop section, check the radio button next to Tunnel and then select RWDCBOS from the dropdown menu, as shown in Figure 5.

    Figure 5: Adding a static route at node WDCAdding a static route at node WDC

  6. Click the Add button to add this entry to the static route table for node WDC. You should see this entry updated in the Static Routing Table for WDC window, as shown in Figure 6 below:

    Figure 6: Updated static touting table for WDCUpdated static touting table for WDC

Verify the New Route

Now that the static route has been defined, it is time to test whether or not the demands will route as planned.

  1. Switch to View mode. When it asks if you want to “Reroute demands from scratch,” click Yes.

  2. Select the Network > Elements > Demands menu.

  3. Locate the demand, xflow79, and highlight it. Click Show Path to display its new path in the Map window. Below (Figure 7) is a screenshot of what it should look like. Notice that the new path takes the route specified by the static route table created at node WDC.

    Figure 7: New route following static route specificationsNew route following static route specifications

  4. Information on static routes is stored in a pathtable.runcode file. This can be verified by opening the File Manager window, navigating to the directory where the network files are stored (i.e. /u/wandl/sample/IP/fish) and opening the pathtable file (i.e. pathtable.mpls-fish). For this case study, the file will look as follows.

    Figure 8: Static route information is stored in a pathtable fileStatic route information is stored in a pathtable file