BGP 会话的自治系统

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 R1：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@R1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 1 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30
   user@R1# set lo0 unit 1 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32
   

2. 配置外部 BGP （EBGP）。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R1# set type external
   user@R1# set export send-direct
   user@R1# set export send-static
   user@R1# set peer-as 250
   user@R1# set neighbor 10.0.0.2
   

3. 配置路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options]
   user@R1# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 from protocol direct
   user@R1# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 then accept
   user@R1# set policy-statement send-static term 1 from protocol static
   user@R1# set policy-statement send-static term 1 then accept
   

4. 配置设备 R2 和设备 R3 之间远程网络的静态路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R1# set static route 10.1.0.0/30 next-hop 10.0.0.2
   

5. 配置全局 AS 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R1# set autonomous-system 100
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@R1# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 1 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.1/30;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 1 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.0.1/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R1# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}
policy-statement send-static {
    term 1 {
        from protocol static;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R1# show protocols
bgp {
    group ext {
        type external;
        export [ send-direct send-static ];
        peer-as 250;
        neighbor 10.0.0.2;
    }
}

user@R1# show routing-options
static {
    route 10.1.0.0/30 next-hop 10.0.0.2;
}
autonomous-system 100;

完成设备配置后，从配置模式输入 commit 。

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 R2：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@R2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 2 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30
   user@R2# set fe-1/2/1 unit 3 family inet address 10.1.0.1/30
   user@R2# set lo0 unit 2 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32
   

2. 配置 EBGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# set type external
   user@R2# set export send-direct
   user@R2# set export send-static
   user@R2# set neighbor 10.0.0.1 peer-as 100
   user@R2# set neighbor 10.1.0.2 peer-as 300
   

3. 配置本地自治系统 (AS) 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# set local-as 250
   

4. 配置全局 AS 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R2# set autonomous-system 200
   

5. 配置路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options]
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 from protocol direct
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 then accept
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-static term 1 from protocol static
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-static term 1 then accept
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@R2# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.2/30;
        }
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 3 {
        family inet {
            address 10.1.0.1/30;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.0.2/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R2# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}
policy-statement send-static {
    term 1 {
        from protocol static;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R2# show protocols
bgp {
    group ext {
        type external;
        export [ send-direct send-static ];
        local-as 250;
        neighbor 10.0.0.1 {
            peer-as 100;
        }
        neighbor 10.1.0.2 {
            peer-as 300;
        }
    }
}

user@R2# show routing-options
autonomous-system 200;

完成设备配置后，从配置模式输入 commit 。

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 R3：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@R3# set fe-1/2/0 unit 4 family inet address 10.1.0.2/30
   user@R3# set lo0 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.0.3/32
   

2. 配置 EBGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R3# set type external
   user@R3# set export send-direct
   user@R3# set export send-static
   user@R3# set peer-as 250
   user@R3# set neighbor 10.1.0.1
   

3. 配置全局自治系统 (AS) 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R3# set autonomous-system 300
   

4. 配置设备 R1 和设备 R2 之间远程网络的静态路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R3# set static route 10.0.0.0/30 next-hop 10.1.0.1
   

5. 配置路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options]
   user@R3# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 from protocol direct
   user@R3# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 then accept
   user@R3# set policy-statement send-static term 1 from protocol static
   user@R3# set policy-statement send-static term 1 then accept
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@R3# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 4 {
        family inet {
            address 10.1.0.2/30;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 3 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.0.3/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R3# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}
policy-statement send-static {
    term 1 {
        from protocol static;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R3# show protocols
bgp {
    group ext {
        type external;
        export [ send-direct send-static ];
        peer-as 250;
        neighbor 10.1.0.1;
    }
}

user@R3# show routing-options
static {
    route 10.0.0.0/30 next-hop 10.1.0.1;
}
autonomous-system 300;

完成设备配置后，从配置模式输入 commit 。

目的

确保设备 R2 已配置本地和全局 AS 设置。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show bgp neighbors 命令。

user@R2> show bgp neighbors
Peer: 10.0.0.1+179 AS 100      Local: 10.0.0.2+61036 AS 250  
  Type: External    State: Established    Flags: <Sync>
  Last State: OpenConfirm   Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
  Last Error: None
  Export: [ send-direct send-static ] 
  Options: <Preference PeerAS LocalAS Refresh>
  Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170 Local AS: 250 Local System AS: 200
  Number of flaps: 0
  Peer ID: 192.168.0.1     Local ID: 192.168.0.2       Active Holdtime: 90
  Keepalive Interval: 30         Peer index: 0   
  BFD: disabled, down
  Local Interface: fe-1/2/0.2                       
  NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
  NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
  NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
  Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
  Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
  Peer does not support Restarter functionality
  NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
  NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
  NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
  Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 100)
  Peer does not support Addpath
  Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
    RIB State: BGP restart is complete
    Send state: in sync
    Active prefixes:              1
    Received prefixes:            3
    Accepted prefixes:            2
    Suppressed due to damping:    0
    Advertised prefixes:          4
  Last traffic (seconds): Received 6    Sent 14   Checked 47  
  Input messages:  Total 258    Updates 3       Refreshes 0     Octets 4969
  Output messages: Total 258    Updates 2       Refreshes 0     Octets 5037
  Output Queue[0]: 0

Peer: 10.1.0.2+179 AS 300      Local: 10.1.0.1+52296 AS 250  
  Type: External    State: Established    Flags: <Sync>
  Last State: OpenConfirm   Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
  Last Error: None
  Export: [ send-direct send-static ] 
  Options: <Preference PeerAS LocalAS Refresh>
  Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170 Local AS: 250 Local System AS: 200
  Number of flaps: 0
  Peer ID: 192.168.0.3     Local ID: 192.168.0.2       Active Holdtime: 90
  Keepalive Interval: 30         Peer index: 1   
  BFD: disabled, down
  Local Interface: fe-1/2/1.3                       
  NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
  NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
  NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
  Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
  Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
  Peer does not support Restarter functionality
  NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
  NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
  NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
  Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 300)
  Peer does not support Addpath
  Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
    RIB State: BGP restart is complete
    Send state: in sync
    Active prefixes:              1
    Received prefixes:            3
    Accepted prefixes:            2
    Suppressed due to damping:    0
    Advertised prefixes:          4
  Last traffic (seconds): Received 19   Sent 26   Checked 9   
  Input messages:  Total 256    Updates 3       Refreshes 0     Octets 4931
  Output messages: Total 256    Updates 2       Refreshes 0     Octets 4999
  Output Queue[0]: 0

意义

本地 AS：250 和本地系统 AS：200 输出显示设备 R2 具有预期的设置。此外，输出显示选项列表包括 LocalAS。

目的

确保已建立会话并显示本地 AS 编号 250。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show bgp summary 命令。

user@R1> show bgp summary
Groups: 1 Peers: 1 Down peers: 0
Table          Tot Paths  Act Paths Suppressed    History Damp State    Pending
inet.0                 4          2          0          0          0          0
Peer                     AS      InPkt     OutPkt    OutQ   Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
10.0.0.2                250        232        233       0       4     1:42:37 2/4/4/0              0/0/0/0

user@R3> show bgp summary
Groups: 1 Peers: 1 Down peers: 0
Table          Tot Paths  Act Paths Suppressed    History Damp State    Pending
inet.0                 4          2          0          0          0          0
Peer                     AS      InPkt     OutPkt    OutQ   Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
10.1.0.1                250        235        236       0       4     1:44:25 2/4/4/0              0/0/0/0

意义

设备 R1 和设备 R3 似乎与 AS 250 中的设备对等，即使设备 R2 实际上在 AS 200 中。

目的

请确保路由在路由表中，且 AS 路径显示本地 AS 编号 250。

操作

从配置模式，输入 set route protocol bgp 命令。

user@R1> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 6 destinations, 8 routes (6 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.0.0.0/30         [BGP/170] 01:46:44, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 I
                    > to 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/2/0.1
10.1.0.0/30         [BGP/170] 01:46:44, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 I
                    > to 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/2/0.1
192.168.0.2/32     *[BGP/170] 01:46:44, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 I
                    > to 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/2/0.1
192.168.0.3/32     *[BGP/170] 01:46:40, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 300 I
                    > to 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/2/0.1

user@R3> show route protocol bgp

inet.0: 6 destinations, 8 routes (6 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.0.0.0/30         [BGP/170] 01:47:10, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 I
                    > to 10.1.0.1 via fe-1/2/0.4
10.1.0.0/30         [BGP/170] 01:47:10, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 I
                    > to 10.1.0.1 via fe-1/2/0.4
192.168.0.1/32     *[BGP/170] 01:47:10, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 100 I
                    > to 10.1.0.1 via fe-1/2/0.4
192.168.0.2/32     *[BGP/170] 01:47:10, localpref 100
                      AS path: 250 I
                    > to 10.1.0.1 via fe-1/2/0.4

意义

输出显示设备 R1 和设备 R3 的路由似乎包括了含有 AS 250 的 AS 路径，尽管设备 R2 实际处于 AS 200 中。

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 R1：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces fe-1/2/0 unit 3]
   user@R1# set family inet address 192.168.1.1/24
   [edit interfaces fe-1/2/1 unit 5]
   user@R1# set family inet address 192.168.10.1/24
   [edit interfaces lo0 unit 2]
   user@R1# set family inet address 10.1.1.1/32
   

2. 配置与设备 R2 的 EBGP 对等会话。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group external-AS64510]
   user@R1# set type external
   user@R1# set peer-as 64510
   user@R1# set neighbor 192.168.10.2
   

3. 配置与设备 R3 的 EBGP 对等会话。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group external-AS64511]
   user@R1# set type external
   user@R1# set peer-as 64511
   user@R1# set local-as 64497
   user@R1# set local-as private
   user@R1# set neighbor 192.168.1.2
   

4. 配置路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 1]
   user@R1# set from protocol direct
   user@R1# set then accept
   

5. 配置全局自治系统 (AS) 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R1# set autonomous-system 64496
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@R1# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 3 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.1.1/24;
        }
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 5 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.10.1/24;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 10.1.1.1/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R1# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R1# show protocols
bgp {
    group external-AS64511 {
        type external;
        peer-as 64511;
        local-as 64497 private;
        neighbor 192.168.1.2;
    }
    group external-AS64510 {
        type external;
        peer-as 64510;
        neighbor 192.168.10.2;
    }
}

user@R1# show routing-options
autonomous-system 64496;

如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit。

根据需要对拓扑中的其他设备重复配置。

目的

确保设备 R2 在到设备 R3 和设备 R4 的 AS 路径中没有 AS 64497。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show route protocol bgp 命令。

user@R2> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 6 destinations, 6 routes (6 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.1.1.3/32        *[BGP/170] 01:33:11, localpref 100
                      AS path: 64496 64511 I
                    > to 192.168.10.1 via fe-1/2/0.6
10.1.1.4/32        *[BGP/170] 01:33:11, localpref 100
                      AS path: 64496 64511 64512 I
                    > to 192.168.10.1 via fe-1/2/0.6
192.168.5.0/24     *[BGP/170] 01:49:15, localpref 100
                      AS path: 64496 64511 I
                    > to 192.168.10.1 via fe-1/2/0.6

意义

设备 R2 的 AS 路径不包括 AS 64497。

目的

确保本地 AS 64497 仅在发送到 EBGP 邻接方 R3 的 AS 路径中附加。设备 R3 看到：前缀 10.1.1.2/32 的 AS 路径为 64497 64496，即设备 R2 的环路接口。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show route protocol bgp 命令。

user@R3> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 7 destinations, 8 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.1.1.2/32        *[BGP/170] 01:35:11, localpref 100
                      AS path: 64497 64496 64510 I
                    > to 192.168.1.1 via fe-1/2/0.4
10.1.1.4/32        *[BGP/170] 01:35:11, localpref 100
                      AS path: 64512 I
                    > to 192.168.5.2 via fe-1/2/1.7
192.168.5.0/24      [BGP/170] 01:51:15, localpref 100
                      AS path: 64512 I
                    > to 192.168.5.2 via fe-1/2/1.7

意义

设备 R3 到设备 R2（前缀 10.1.1.2）的路由包括设备 R1 上配置的本地和全局 AS（分别为 64497 和 64496）。

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 P1：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 1 description P1-to-PE1
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 1 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 1 family mpls
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/1 unit 4 description P1-to-P2
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/1 unit 4 family inet address 10.0.0.29/30
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/1 unit 4 family mpls
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/2 unit 8 description P1-to-PE4
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/2 unit 8 family inet address 10.0.0.17/30
   user@P1# set fe-1/2/2 unit 8 family mpls
   user@P1# set lo0 unit 3 family inet address 10.9.9.2/32
   user@P1# set lo0 unit 3 family inet address 10.100.1.2/32
   

2. 配置 MPLS 和信令协议，例如 RSVP 或 LDP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@P1# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/0.1
   user@P1# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/2.8
   user@P1# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/1.4
   user@P1# set mpls label-switched-path P1-to-P2 to 10.9.9.3
   user@P1# set mpls label-switched-path P1-to-PE1 to 10.9.9.1
   user@P1# set mpls label-switched-path P1-to-PE4 to 10.9.9.4
   user@P1# set mpls interface fe-1/2/0.1
   user@P1# set mpls interface fe-1/2/2.8
   user@P1# set mpls interface fe-1/2/1.4
   

3. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group internal]
   user@P1# set type internal
   user@P1# set local-address 10.9.9.2
   user@P1# set neighbor 10.9.9.1
   user@P1# set neighbor 10.9.9.3
   user@P1# set neighbor 10.9.9.4
   

4. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group internal]
   user@P1# set family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

5. 配置 IGP，例如 OSPF、RIP 或 IS-IS。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols ospf]
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.1 interface fe-1/2/0.1 metric 1
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.1 interface fe-1/2/1.4 metric 1
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.0 interface fe-1/2/2.8 metric 1
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.9.9.2 passive
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.9.9.2 metric 1
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.100.1.2 passive
   user@P1# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.100.1.2 metric 1
   

6. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@P1# set router-id 10.9.9.2
   user@P1# set autonomous-system 13979
   

7. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@P1# commit
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces、 show protocols和 show routing-options 命令确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@P1# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 1 {
        description P1-to-PE1;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.2/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 4 {
        description P1-to-P2;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.29/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/2 {
    unit 8 {
        description P1-to-PE4;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.17/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 3 {
        family inet {
            address 10.9.9.2/32;
            address 10.100.1.2/32;
        }
    }
}

user@P1# show protocols
rsvp {
    interface fe-1/2/0.1;
    interface fe-1/2/2.8;
    interface fe-1/2/1.4;
}
mpls {
    label-switched-path P1-to-P2 {
        to 10.9.9.3;
    }
    label-switched-path P1-to-PE1 {
        to 10.9.9.1;
    }
    label-switched-path P1-to-PE4 {
        to 10.9.9.4;
    }
    interface fe-1/2/0.1;
    interface fe-1/2/2.8;
    interface fe-1/2/1.4;
}
bgp {
    group internal {
        type internal;
        local-address 10.9.9.2;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        neighbor 10.9.9.1;
        neighbor 10.9.9.3;
        neighbor 10.9.9.4;
    }
}
ospf {
    area 0.0.0.1 {
        interface fe-1/2/0.1 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface fe-1/2/1.4 {
            metric 1;
        }
    }
    area 0.0.0.0 {
        interface fe-1/2/2.8 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.9.9.2 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.100.1.2 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
    }
}

user@P1# show routing-options
router-id 10.9.9.2;
autonomous-system 13979;

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 P2：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 3 description P2-to-PE1
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 3 family inet address 10.0.0.6/30
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 3 family mpls
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/1 unit 5 description P2-to-P1
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/1 unit 5 family inet address 10.0.0.30/30
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/1 unit 5 family mpls
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/2 unit 6 description P2-to-PE4
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/2 unit 6 family inet address 10.0.0.13/30
   user@P2# set fe-1/2/2 unit 6 family mpls
   user@P2# set lo0 unit 5 family inet address 10.9.9.3/32
   user@P2# set lo0 unit 5 family inet address 10.100.1.3/32
   

2. 配置 MPLS 和信令协议，例如 RSVP 或 LDP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@P2# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/1.5
   user@P2# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/2.6
   user@P2# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/0.3
   user@P2# set mpls label-switched-path P2-to-PE1 to 10.9.9.1
   user@P2# set mpls label-switched-path P2-to-P1 to 10.9.9.2
   user@P2# set mpls label-switched-path P2-to-PE4 to 10.9.9.4
   user@P2# set mpls interface fe-1/2/1.5
   user@P2# set mpls interface fe-1/2/2.6
   user@P2# set mpls interface fe-1/2/0.3
   

3. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group internal]
   user@P2# set type internal
   user@P2# set local-address 10.9.9.3
   user@P2# set neighbor 10.9.9.1
   user@P2# set neighbor 10.9.9.2
   user@P2# set neighbor 10.9.9.4
   

4. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group internal]
   user@P2# set family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

5. 配置 IGP，例如 OSPF、RIP 或 IS-IS。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols ospf]
   user@P2# set area 0.0.0.0 interface fe-1/2/2.6 metric 1
   user@P2# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.9.9.3 passive
   user@P2# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.9.9.3 metric 1
   user@P2# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.100.1.3 passive
   user@P2# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.100.1.3 metric 1
   

6. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@P2# set router-id 10.9.9.3
   user@P2# set autonomous-system 13979
   

7. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@P2# commit
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces、 show protocols和 show routing-options 命令确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@P2# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 3 {
        description P2-to-PE1;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.6/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 5 {
        description P2-to-P1;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.30/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/2 {
    unit 6 {
        description P2-to-PE4;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.13/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 5 {
        family inet {
            address 10.9.9.3/32;
            address 10.100.1.3/32;
        }
    }
}

user@P2# show protocols
rsvp {
    interface fe-1/2/1.5;
    interface fe-1/2/2.6;
    interface fe-1/2/0.3;
}
mpls {
    label-switched-path P2-to-PE1 {
        to 10.9.9.1;
    }
    label-switched-path P2-to-P1 {
        to 10.9.9.2;
    }
    label-switched-path P2-to-PE4 {
        to 10.9.9.4;
    }
    interface fe-1/2/1.5;
    interface fe-1/2/2.6;
    interface fe-1/2/0.3;
}
bgp {
    group internal {
        type internal;
        local-address 10.9.9.3;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        neighbor 10.9.9.1;
        neighbor 10.9.9.2;
        neighbor 10.9.9.4;
    }
}
ospf {
    area 0.0.0.0 {
        interface fe-1/2/2.6 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.9.9.3 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.100.1.3 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
    }
}

user@P2# show routing-options
router-id 10.9.9.3;
autonomous-system 13979;

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 PE4：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/0 unit 7 description PE4-to-P2
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/0 unit 7 family inet address 10.0.0.14/30
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/0 unit 7 family mpls
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/1 unit 9 description PE4-to-P1
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/1 unit 9 family inet address 10.0.0.18/30
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/1 unit 9 family mpls
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/2 unit 10 description PE4-to-PE2
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/2 unit 10 family inet address 10.0.0.21/30
   user@PE4# set fe-1/2/2 unit 10 family mpls
   user@PE4# set fe-1/0/2 unit 12 description PE4-to-PE3
   user@PE4# set fe-1/0/2 unit 12 family inet address 10.0.0.25/30
   user@PE4# set fe-1/0/2 unit 12 family mpls
   user@PE4# set lo0 unit 7 family inet address 10.9.9.4/32
   user@PE4# set lo0 unit 7 family inet address 10.100.1.4/32
   

2. 配置 MPLS 和信令协议，例如 RSVP 或 LDP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@PE4# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/0.7
   user@PE4# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/1.9
   user@PE4# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/2.10
   user@PE4# set rsvp interface fe-1/0/2.12
   user@PE4# set mpls label-switched-path PE4-to-PE2 to 10.9.9.5
   user@PE4# set mpls label-switched-path PE4-to-PE3 to 10.9.9.6
   user@PE4# set mpls label-switched-path PE4-to-P1 to 10.9.9.2
   user@PE4# set mpls label-switched-path PE4-to-P2 to 10.9.9.3
   user@PE4# set mpls interface fe-1/2/0.7
   user@PE4# set mpls interface fe-1/2/1.9
   user@PE4# set mpls interface fe-1/2/2.10
   user@PE4# set mpls interface fe-1/0/2.12
   

3. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@PE4# set export next-hop
   user@PE4# set export aigp
   user@PE4# set group internal type internal
   user@PE4# set group internal local-address 10.9.9.4
   user@PE4# set group internal neighbor 10.9.9.1
   user@PE4# set group internal neighbor 10.9.9.3
   user@PE4# set group internal neighbor 10.9.9.2
   user@PE4# set group external type external
   user@PE4# set group external multihop ttl 2
   user@PE4# set group external local-address 10.9.9.4
   user@PE4# set group external peer-as 7018
   user@PE4# set group external neighbor 10.9.9.5
   user@PE4# set group external neighbor 10.9.9.6
   

4. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@PE4# set group external family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   user@PE4# set group internal family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

5. 发起前缀，并配置 AIGP 距离。

   默认情况下，前缀是使用当前 IGP 距离发起的。或者，您可以使用选项 distance 为 AIGP 属性配置距离，如下所示。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement aigp term 10]
   user@PE4# set from protocol static
   user@PE4# set from route-filter 44.0.0.0/24 exact
   user@PE4# set then aigp-originate distance 200
   user@PE4# set then next-hop 10.100.1.4
   user@PE4# set then accept
   

6. 启用策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement next-hop]
   user@PE4# set term 10 from protocol bgp
   user@PE4# set term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.4
   user@PE4# set term 10 then accept
   user@PE4# set term 20 from protocol direct
   user@PE4# set term 20 from route-filter 10.9.9.4/32 exact
   user@PE4# set term 20 from route-filter 10.100.1.4/32 exact
   user@PE4# set term 20 then next-hop 10.100.1.4
   user@PE4# set term 20 then accept
   

7. 配置静态路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE4# set static route 44.0.0.0/24 discard
   

8. 配置 IGP，例如 OSPF、RIP 或 IS-IS。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols ospf]
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.0 interface fe-1/2/1.9 metric 1
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.0 interface fe-1/2/0.7 metric 1
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.9.9.4 passive
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.9.9.4 metric 1
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.100.1.4 passive
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.100.1.4 metric 1
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.2 interface fe-1/2/2.10 metric 1
   user@PE4# set area 0.0.0.3 interface fe-1/0/2.12 metric 1
   

9. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE4# set router-id 10.9.9.4
   user@PE4# set autonomous-system 13979
   

10. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

    content_copy zoom_out_map

    user@PE4# commit
    

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@PE4# show interfaces
fe-1/0/2 {
    unit 12 {
        description PE4-to-PE3;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.25/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 7 {
        description PE4-to-P2;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.14/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 9 {
        description PE4-to-P1;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.18/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/2 {
    unit 10 {
        description PE4-to-PE2;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.21/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 7 {
        family inet {
            address 10.9.9.4/32;
            address 10.100.1.4/32;
        }
    }
}

user@PE4# show policy-options
policy-statement aigp {
    term 10 {
        from {
            protocol static;
            route-filter 44.0.0.0/24 exact;
        }
        then {
            aigp-originate distance 200;
            next-hop 10.100.1.4;
            accept;
        }
    }
}
policy-statement next-hop {
    term 10 {
        from protocol bgp;
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.4;
            accept;
        }
    }
    term 20 {
        from {
            protocol direct;
            route-filter 10.9.9.4/32 exact;
            route-filter 10.100.1.4/32 exact;
        }
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.4;
            accept;
        }
    }
}

user@PE4# show protocols
rsvp {
    interface fe-1/2/0.7;
    interface fe-1/2/1.9;
    interface fe-1/2/2.10;
    interface fe-1/0/2.12;
}
mpls {
    label-switched-path PE4-to-PE2 {
        to 10.9.9.5;
    }
    label-switched-path PE4-to-PE3 {
        to 10.9.9.6;
    }
    label-switched-path PE4-to-P1 {
        to 10.9.9.2;
    }
    label-switched-path PE4-to-P2 {
        to 10.9.9.3;
    }
    interface fe-1/2/0.7;
    interface fe-1/2/1.9;
    interface fe-1/2/2.10;
    interface fe-1/0/2.12;
}
bgp {
    export [ next-hop aigp ];
    group internal {
        type internal;
        local-address 10.9.9.4;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        neighbor 10.9.9.1;
        neighbor 10.9.9.3;
        neighbor 10.9.9.2;
    }
    group external {
        type external;
        multihop {
            ttl 2;
        }
        local-address 10.9.9.4;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        peer-as 7018;
        neighbor 10.9.9.5;
        neighbor 10.9.9.6;
    }
}
ospf {
    area 0.0.0.0 {
        interface fe-1/2/1.9 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface fe-1/2/0.7 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.9.9.4 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.100.1.4 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
    }
    area 0.0.0.2 {
        interface fe-1/2/2.10 {
            metric 1;
        }
    }
    area 0.0.0.3 {
        interface fe-1/0/2.12 {
            metric 1;
        }
    }
}

user@PE4# show routing-options
static {
    route 44.0.0.0/24 discard;
}
router-id 10.9.9.4;
autonomous-system 13979;

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 PE1：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 0 description PE1-to-P1
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/1 unit 2 description PE1-to-P2
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/1 unit 2 family inet address 10.0.0.5/30
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/1 unit 2 family mpls
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/2 unit 14 description PE1-to-PE7
   user@PE1# set fe-1/2/2 unit 14 family inet address 10.0.0.9/30
   user@PE1# set lo0 unit 1 family inet address 10.9.9.1/32
   user@PE1# set lo0 unit 1 family inet address 10.100.1.1/32
   

2. 配置 MPLS 和信令协议，例如 RSVP 或 LDP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@PE1# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/0.0
   user@PE1# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/1.2
   user@PE1# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/2.14
   user@PE1# set mpls label-switched-path PE1-to-P1 to 10.9.9.2
   user@PE1# set mpls label-switched-path PE1-to-P2 to 10.9.9.3
   user@PE1# set mpls interface fe-1/2/0.0
   user@PE1# set mpls interface fe-1/2/1.2
   user@PE1# set mpls interface fe-1/2/2.14
   

3. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@PE1# set group internal type internal
   user@PE1# set group internal local-address 10.9.9.1
   user@PE1# set group internal export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES
   user@PE1# set group internal vpn-apply-export
   user@PE1# set group internal neighbor 10.9.9.4
   user@PE1# set group internal neighbor 10.9.9.2
   user@PE1# set group internal neighbor 10.9.9.3
   user@PE1# set group external type external
   user@PE1# set group external export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES
   user@PE1# set group external peer-as 7019
   user@PE1# set group external neighbor 10.0.0.10
   

4. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@PE1# set group internal family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   user@PE1# set group external family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

5. 启用策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10]
   user@PE1# set from protocol direct
   user@PE1# set from protocol bgp
   user@PE1# set then next-hop 10.100.1.1
   user@PE1# set then accept
   

6. 配置 IGP，例如 OSPF、RIP 或 IS-IS。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.1]
   user@PE1# set interface fe-1/2/0.0 metric 1
   user@PE1# set interface fe-1/2/1.2 metric 1
   user@PE1# set interface 10.9.9.1 passive
   user@PE1# set interface 10.9.9.1 metric 1
   user@PE1# set interface 10.100.1.1 passive
   user@PE1# set interface 10.100.1.1 metric 1
   

7. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE1# set router-id 10.9.9.1
   user@PE1# set autonomous-system 13979
   

8. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE1# commit
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@PE1# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 0 {
        description PE1-to-P1;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.1/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 2 {
        description PE1-to-P2;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.5/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
fe-1/2/2 {
    unit 14 {
        description PE1-to-PE7;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.9/30;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 1 {
        family inet {
            address 10.9.9.1/32;
            address 10.100.1.1/32;
        }
    }
}

user@PE1# show policy-options
policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES {
    term 10 {
        from protocol [ direct bgp ];
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.1;
            accept;
        }
    }
}

user@PE1# show protocols
rsvp {
    interface fe-1/2/0.0;
    interface fe-1/2/1.2;
    interface fe-1/2/2.14;
}
mpls {
    label-switched-path PE1-to-P1 {
        to 10.9.9.2;
    }
    label-switched-path PE1-to-P2 {
        to 10.9.9.3;
    }
    interface fe-1/2/0.0;
    interface fe-1/2/1.2;
    interface fe-1/2/2.14;
}
bgp {
    group internal {
        type internal;
        local-address 10.9.9.1;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES;
        vpn-apply-export;
        neighbor 10.9.9.4;
        neighbor 10.9.9.2;
        neighbor 10.9.9.3;
    }
    group external {
        type external;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES;
        peer-as 7019;
        neighbor 10.0.0.10;
    }
}
ospf {
    area 0.0.0.1 {
        interface fe-1/2/0.0 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface fe-1/2/1.2 {
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.9.9.1 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.100.1.1 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
    }
}

user@PE1# show routing-options
router-id 10.9.9.1;
autonomous-system 13979;

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 PE2：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@PE2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 11 description PE2-to-PE4
   user@PE2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 11 family inet address 10.0.0.22/30
   user@PE2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 11 family mpls
   user@PE2# set lo0 unit 9 family inet address 10.9.9.5/32 primary
   user@PE2# set lo0 unit 9 family inet address 10.100.1.5/32
   

2. 配置 MPLS 和信令协议，例如 RSVP 或 LDP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@PE2# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/0.11
   user@PE2# set mpls label-switched-path PE2-to-PE4 to 10.9.9.4
   user@PE2# set mpls interface fe-1/2/0.11
   

3. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@PE2# set group external type external
   user@PE2# set group external multihop ttl 2
   user@PE2# set group external local-address 10.9.9.5
   user@PE2# set group external export next-hop
   user@PE2# set group external export aigp
   user@PE2# set group external export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES
   user@PE2# set group external vpn-apply-export
   user@PE2# set group external peer-as 13979
   user@PE2# set group external neighbor 10.9.9.4
   

4. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@PE2# set group external family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

5. 发起前缀，并配置 AIGP 距离。

   默认情况下，前缀是使用当前 IGP 距离发起的。或者，您可以使用选项 distance 为 AIGP 属性配置距离，如下所示。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement aigp]
   user@PE2# set term 10 from route-filter 55.0.0.0/24 exact
   user@PE2# set term 10 then aigp-originate distance 20
   user@PE2# set term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.5
   user@PE2# set term 10 then accept
   user@PE2# set term 20 from route-filter 99.0.0.0/24 exact
   user@PE2# set term 20 then aigp-originate distance 30
   user@PE2# set term 20 then next-hop 10.100.1.5
   user@PE2# set term 20 then accept
   

6. 启用策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options]
   user@PE2# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 from protocol direct
   user@PE2# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 from protocol static
   user@PE2# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 from protocol bgp
   user@PE2# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.5
   user@PE2# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 then accept
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 10 from protocol bgp
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.5
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 10 then accept
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 from protocol direct
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 from route-filter 10.9.9.5/32 exact
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 from route-filter 10.100.1.5/32 exact
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 then next-hop 10.100.1.5
   user@PE2# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 then accept
   

7. 启用一些静态路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE2# set static route 99.0.0.0/24 discard
   user@PE2# set static route 55.0.0.0/24 discard
   

8. 配置 IGP，例如 OSPF、RIP 或 IS-IS。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.2]
   user@PE2# set interface 10.9.9.5 passive
   user@PE2# set interface 10.9.9.5 metric 1
   user@PE2# set interface 10.100.1.5 passive
   user@PE2# set interface 10.100.1.5 metric 1
   user@PE2# set interface fe-1/2/0.11 metric 1
   

9. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE2# set router-id 10.9.9.5
   user@PE2# set autonomous-system 7018
   

10. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

    content_copy zoom_out_map

    user@PE2# commit
    

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@PE2# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 11 {
        description PE2-to-PE4;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.22/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 9 {
        family inet {
            address 10.9.9.5/32 {
                primary;
            }
            address 10.100.1.5/32;
        }
    }
}

user@PE2# show policy-options
policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES {
    term 10 {
        from protocol [ direct static bgp ];
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.5;
            accept;
        }
    }
}
policy-statement aigp {
    term 10 {
        from {
            route-filter 55.0.0.0/24 exact;
        }
        then {
            aigp-originate distance 20;
            next-hop 10.100.1.5;
            accept;
        }
    }
    term 20 {
        from {
            route-filter 99.0.0.0/24 exact;
        }
        then {
            aigp-originate distance 30;
            next-hop 10.100.1.5;
            accept;
        }
    }
}
policy-statement next-hop {
    term 10 {
        from protocol bgp;
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.5;
            accept;
        }
    }
    term 20 {
        from {
            protocol direct;
            route-filter 10.9.9.5/32 exact;
            route-filter 10.100.1.5/32 exact;
        }
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.5;
            accept;
        }
    }
}

user@PE2# show protocols
rsvp {
    interface fe-1/2/0.11;
}
mpls {
    label-switched-path PE2-to-PE4 {
        to 10.9.9.4;
    }
    interface fe-1/2/0.11;
}
bgp {
    group external {
        type external;
        multihop {
            ttl 2;
        }
        local-address 10.9.9.5;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        export [ next-hop aigp SET_EXPORT_ROUTES ];
        vpn-apply-export;
        peer-as 13979;
        neighbor 10.9.9.4;
    }
}
ospf {
    area 0.0.0.2 {
        interface 10.9.9.5 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.100.1.5 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface fe-1/2/0.11 {
            metric 1;
        }
    }
}

user@PE2# show routing-options
static {
    route 99.0.0.0/24 discard;
    route 55.0.0.0/24 discard;
}
router-id 10.9.9.5;
autonomous-system 7018;

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 PE3：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@PE3# set fe-1/2/0 unit 13 description PE3-to-PE4
   user@PE3# set fe-1/2/0 unit 13 family inet address 10.0.0.26/30
   user@PE3# set fe-1/2/0 unit 13 family mpls
   user@PE3# set lo0 unit 11 family inet address 10.9.9.6/32
   user@PE3# set lo0 unit 11 family inet address 10.100.1.6/32
   

2. 配置 MPLS 和信令协议，例如 RSVP 或 LDP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@PE3# set rsvp interface fe-1/2/0.13
   user@PE3# set mpls label-switched-path PE3-to-PE4 to 10.9.9.4
   user@PE3# set mpls interface fe-1/2/0.13
   

3. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group external]
   user@PE3# set type external
   user@PE3# set multihop ttl 2
   user@PE3# set local-address 10.9.9.6
   user@PE3# set export next-hop
   user@PE3# set export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES
   user@PE3# set vpn-apply-export
   user@PE3# set peer-as 13979
   user@PE3# set neighbor 10.9.9.4
   

4. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group external]
   user@PE3# set family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

5. 启用策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options]
   user@PE3# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 from protocol direct
   user@PE3# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 from protocol static
   user@PE3# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 from protocol bgp
   user@PE3# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.6
   user@PE3# set policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10 then accept
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 10 from protocol bgp
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.6
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 10 then accept
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 from protocol direct
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 from route-filter 10.9.9.6/32 exact
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 from route-filter 10.100.1.6/32 exact
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 then next-hop 10.100.1.6
   user@PE3# set policy-statement next-hop term 20 then accept
   

6. 配置 IGP，例如 OSPF、RIP 或 IS-IS。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.3]
   user@PE3# set interface 10.9.9.6 passive
   user@PE3# set interface 10.9.9.6 metric 1
   user@PE3# set interface 10.100.1.6 passive
   user@PE3# set interface 10.100.1.6 metric 1
   user@PE3# set interface fe-1/2/0.13 metric 1
   

7. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE3# set router-id 10.9.9.6
   user@PE3# set autonomous-system 7018
   

8. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE3# commit
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@PE3# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 13 {
        description PE3-to-PE4;
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.26/30;
        }
        family mpls;
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 11 {
        family inet {
            address 10.9.9.6/32;
            address 10.100.1.6/32;
        }
    }
}

user@PE3# show policy-options
policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES {
    term 10 {
        from protocol [ direct static bgp ];
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.6;
            accept;
        }
    }
}
policy-statement next-hop {
    term 10 {
        from protocol bgp;
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.6;
            accept;
        }
    }
    term 20 {
        from {
            protocol direct;
            route-filter 10.9.9.6/32 exact;
            route-filter 10.100.1.6/32 exact;
        }
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.6;
            accept;
        }
    }
}

user@PE3# show protocols
rsvp {
    interface fe-1/2/0.13;
}
mpls {
    label-switched-path PE3-to-PE4 {
        to 10.9.9.4;
    }
    interface fe-1/2/0.13;
}
bgp {
    group external {
        type external;
        multihop {
            ttl 2;
        }
        local-address 10.9.9.6;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        export [ next-hop SET_EXPORT_ROUTES ];
        vpn-apply-export;
        peer-as 13979;
        neighbor 10.9.9.4;
    }
}
ospf {
    area 0.0.0.3 {
        interface 10.9.9.6 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface 10.100.1.6 {
            passive;
            metric 1;
        }
        interface fe-1/2/0.13 {
            metric 1;
        }
    }
}

user@PE3# show routing-options
router-id 10.9.9.6;
autonomous-system 7018;

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 PE7：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@PE7# set fe-1/2/0 unit 15 description PE7-to-PE1
   user@PE7# set fe-1/2/0 unit 15 family inet address 10.0.0.10/30
   user@PE7# set lo0 unit 13 family inet address 10.9.9.7/32
   user@PE7# set lo0 unit 13 family inet address 10.100.1.7/32
   

2. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group external]
   user@PE7# set type external
   user@PE7# set export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES
   user@PE7# set peer-as 13979
   user@PE7# set neighbor 10.0.0.9
   

3. 启用 AIGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group external]
   user@PE7# set family inet labeled-unicast aigp
   

4. 配置路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES term 10]
   user@PE7# set from protocol direct
   user@PE7# set from protocol bgp
   user@PE7# set then next-hop 10.100.1.7
   user@PE7# set then accept
   

5. 配置路由器 ID 和自治系统编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE7# set router-id 10.9.9.7
   user@PE7# set autonomous-system 7019
   

6. 如果完成设备配置，请提交配置。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE7# commit
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@PE7# show interfaces
interfaces {
    fe-1/2/0 {
        unit 15 {
            description PE7-to-PE1;
            family inet {
                address 10.0.0.10/30;
            }
        }
    }
    lo0 {
        unit 13 {
            family inet {
                address 10.9.9.7/32;
                address 10.100.1.7/32;
            }
        }
    }
}

user@PE7# show policy-options
policy-statement SET_EXPORT_ROUTES {
    term 10 {
        from protocol [ direct bgp ];
        then {
            next-hop 10.100.1.7;
            accept;
        }
    }
}

user@PE7# show protocols
bgp {
    group external {
        type external;
        family inet {
            labeled-unicast {
                aigp;
            }
        }
        export SET_EXPORT_ROUTES;
        peer-as 13979;
        neighbor 10.0.0.9;
    }
}

user@PE7# show routing-options
router-id 10.9.9.7;
autonomous-system 7019;

目的

确保设备 PE2 上的 AIGP 策略正常工作。

操作

user@PE4> show route receive-protocol bgp 10.9.9.5 extensive
* 55.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
     Accepted
     Route Label: 299888
     Nexthop: 10.100.1.5
     AS path: 7018 I
     AIGP: 20

* 99.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
     Accepted
     Route Label: 299888
     Nexthop: 10.100.1.5
     AS path: 7018 I
     AIGP: 30

意义

在设备 PE2 上， aigp-originate 语句配置的距离为 20 （aigp-originate distance 20）。此语句适用于路由 55.0.0.0/24。同样，该 aigp-originate distance 30 语句将应用于路由 99.0.0.0/24。因此，当设备 PE4 收到这些路由时，AIGP 属性将附加配置的衡量指标。

目的

从设备 PE4，检查 BGP 下一跃点 10.100.1.5 的 IGP 指标。

操作

user@PE4> show route 10.100.1.5
inet.0: 30 destinations, 40 routes (30 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.100.1.5/32      *[OSPF/10] 05:35:50, metric 2
                    > to 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10
                    [BGP/170] 03:45:07, localpref 100, from 10.9.9.5
                      AS path: 7018 I
                    > to 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10

意义

此路由的 IGP 指标为 2。

目的

确保设备 PE4 在向其 IBGP 邻接方设备 PE1 重新播发路由时，将 IGP 指标添加到 AIGP 属性。

操作

user@PE4> show route advertising-protocol bgp 10.9.9.1 extensive

* 55.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
 BGP group internal type Internal
     Route Label: 300544
     Nexthop: 10.100.1.4
     Flags: Nexthop Change
     Localpref: 100
     AS path: [13979] 7018 I
     AIGP: 22

* 99.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
 BGP group internal type Internal
     Route Label: 300544
     Nexthop: 10.100.1.4
     Flags: Nexthop Change
     Localpref: 100
     AS path: [13979] 7018 I
     AIGP: 32

意义

IGP 指标将添加到 AIGP 指标（20 + 2 = 22 和 30 + 2 = 32），因为这些路由的下一跃点已更改。

目的

确保设备 PE1 上的 AIGP 策略正常工作。

操作

user@PE7> show route receive-protocol bgp 10.0.0.9 extensive
* 44.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
     Accepted
     Route Label: 300096
     Nexthop: 10.0.0.9
     AS path: 13979 I
     AIGP: 203

* 55.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
     Accepted
     Route Label: 300112
     Nexthop: 10.0.0.9
     AS path: 13979 7018 I
     AIGP: 25

* 99.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
     Accepted
     Route Label: 300112                
     Nexthop: 10.0.0.9
     AS path: 13979 7018 I
     AIGP: 35

意义

44.0.0.0/24 路由源自设备 PE4。55.0.0.0/24 和 99.0.0.0/24 路由源自设备 PE2。IGP 距离将添加到配置的 AIGP 距离中。

目的

确认如果前缀是通过递归解析的，并且递归下一跃点具有 AIGP 指标，则该前缀具有递归 BGP 下一跃点上的 AIGP 值的总和。

操作

1. 将静态路由添加到 66.0.0.0/24。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE2# set static route 66.0.0.0/24 discard
   

2. 删除设备 PE2 上的策略语句中的 aigp 现有条款。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement aigp]
   user@PE2# delete term 10
   user@PE2# delete term 20
   

3. 为路由到 66.0.0.0 配置递归路由查找。

   该策略显示前缀 66.0.0.0/24（无）的 AIGP 指标及其递归下一跃点。前缀 66.0.0.0/24 由 55.0.0.1 解析。前缀 66.0.0.0/24 没有发起自己的 AIGP 指标，但其递归下一跃点 55.0.0.1 具有 AIGP 值。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement aigp]
   user@PE2# set term 10 from route-filter 55.0.0.1/24 exact 
   user@PE2# set term 10 then aigp-originate distance 20 
   user@PE2# set term 10 then next-hop 10.100.1.5 
   user@PE2# set term 10 then accept 
   user@PE2# set term 20 from route-filter 66.0.0.0/24 exact 
   user@PE2# set term 20 then next-hop 55.0.0.1 
   user@PE2# set term 20 then accept 
   

4. 在设备 PE4 上，运行 show route 55.0.0.0 extensive 命令。

   指标 2 的值是 BGP 下一跃点的 IGP 指标。当设备 PE4 将这些路由重新播发到其 IBGP 对等方设备 PE1 时，AIGP 衡量指标是 AIGP + 其解析 AIGP 衡量指标 + 衡量指标 2 之和。

   前缀 55.0.0.0 显示自己的 IGP 度量 20，由设备 PE2 定义和通告。它不显示解析 AIGP 值，因为它没有递归 BGP 下一跃点。指标 2 的值为 2。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE4> show route 55.0.0.0 extensive
   inet.0: 31 destinations, 41 routes (31 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
   55.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
   TSI:
   KRT in-kernel 55.0.0.0/24 -> {indirect(262151)}
   Page 0 idx 0 Type 1 val 928d1b8
       Flags: Nexthop Change
       Nexthop: 10.100.1.4
       Localpref: 100
       AS path: [13979] 7018 I
       Communities:
       AIGP: 22
   Path 55.0.0.0 from 10.9.9.5 Vector len 4.  Val: 0
           *BGP    Preference: 170/-101
                   Next hop type: Indirect
                   Address: 0x925da38
                   Next-hop reference count: 4
                   Source: 10.9.9.5
                   Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 1004
                   Next hop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10, selected
                   Label operation: Push 299888
                   Label TTL action: prop-ttl
                   Protocol next hop: 10.100.1.5
                   Push 299888
                   Indirect next hop: 93514d8 262151
                   State: <Active Ext>
                   Local AS: 13979 Peer AS:  7018
                   Age: 22:03:26   Metric2: 2 
                   AIGP: 20 
                   Task: BGP_7018.10.9.9.5+58560
                   Announcement bits (3): 3-KRT 4-BGP_RT_Background 5-Resolve tree 1 
                   AS path: 7018 I
                   Accepted
                   Route Label: 299888
                   Localpref: 100
                   Router ID: 10.9.9.5
                   Indirect next hops: 1
                           Protocol next hop: 10.100.1.5 Metric: 2
                           Push 299888
                           Indirect next hop: 93514d8 262151
                           Indirect path forwarding next hops: 1
                                   Next hop type: Router
                                   Next hop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10
                           10.100.1.5/32 Originating RIB: inet.0
                             Metric: 2                       Node path count: 1
                             Forwarding nexthops: 1
                                   Nexthop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10

5. 在设备 PE4 上，运行 show route 66.0.0.0 extensive 命令。

   前缀 66.0.0.0/24 显示解析 AIGP，这是其自己的 AIGP 指标与其递归 BGP 下一跃点的总和：

   66.0.0.1 = 0， 55.0.0.1 = 20， 0+20 = 20

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   user@PE4> show route 66.0.0.0 extensive 
   inet.0: 31 destinations, 41 routes (31 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
   66.0.0.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
   TSI:
   KRT in-kernel 66.0.0.0/24 -> {indirect(262162)}
   Page 0 idx 0 Type 1 val 928cefc
       Flags: Nexthop Change
       Nexthop: 10.100.1.4
       Localpref: 100
       AS path: [13979] 7018 I
       Communities:
   Path 66.0.0.0 from 10.9.9.5 Vector len 4.  Val: 0
           *BGP    Preference: 170/-101
                   Next hop type: Indirect
                   Address: 0x925d4e0
                   Next-hop reference count: 4
                   Source: 10.9.9.5
                   Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 1006
                   Next hop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10, selected
                   Label operation: Push 299888, Push 299888(top)
                   Label TTL action: prop-ttl, prop-ttl(top)
                   Protocol next hop: 55.0.0.1
                   Push 299888
                   Indirect next hop: 9353e88 262162
                   State: <Active Ext>
                   Local AS: 13979 Peer AS:  7018
                   Age: 31:42      Metric2: 2 
                   Resolving-AIGP: 20 
                   Task: BGP_7018.10.9.9.5+58560
                   Announcement bits (3): 3-KRT 4-BGP_RT_Background 5-Resolve tree 1 
                   AS path: 7018 I
                   Accepted
                   Route Label: 299888
                   Localpref: 100
                   Router ID: 10.9.9.5
                   Indirect next hops: 1
                           Protocol next hop: 55.0.0.1 Metric: 2 AIGP: 20
                           Push 299888
                           Indirect next hop: 9353e88 262162
                           Indirect path forwarding next hops: 1
                                   Next hop type: Router
                                   Next hop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10
                           55.0.0.0/24 Originating RIB: inet.0
                             Metric: 2                       Node path count: 1
                             Indirect nexthops: 1
                                   Protocol Nexthop: 10.100.1.5 Metric: 2 Push 299888
                                   Indirect nexthop: 93514d8 262151
                                   Indirect path forwarding nexthops: 1
                                           Nexthop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10
                                   10.100.1.5/32 Originating RIB: inet.0
                                     Metric: 2                               Node path count: 1
                                     Forwarding nexthops: 1
                                           Nexthop: 10.0.0.22 via fe-1/2/2.10

目的

如果未在 BGP（或groupneighbor或层次结构）下启用 AIGP 属性，则 AIGP 属性将被静默丢弃。在配置的选项中detail启用traceoptions并包含packets标志，以确认传输或接收的 BGP 更新中是否存在 AIGP 属性。这在调试 AIGP 问题时很有用。

操作

1. 为 配置 traceoptions设备 PE2 和设备 PE4。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@host> show protocols bgp
       traceoptions {
           file bgp size 1m files 5;
           flag packets detail;
       }
   

2. traceoptions检查设备 PE2 上的文件。

   以下示例显示了设备 PE2 播发前缀 99.0.0.0/24 到设备 PE4 （10.9.9.4） 且 AIGP 指标为 20：

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE2> show log bgp
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982150 BGP SEND 10.9.9.5+49652 -> 10.9.9.4+179
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982178 BGP SEND message type 2 (Update) length 70
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982198 BGP SEND Update PDU length 70
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982248 BGP SEND flags 0x40 code Origin(1): IGP
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982273 BGP SEND flags 0x40 code ASPath(2) length 6: 7018
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982295 BGP SEND flags 0x80 code AIGP(26): AIGP: 20 
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982316 BGP SEND flags 0x90 code MP_reach(14): AFI/SAFI 1/4
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982341 BGP SEND         nhop 10.100.1.5 len 4
   Mar 22 09:27:18.982372 BGP SEND         99.0.0.0/24 (label 301664)
   Mar 22 09:27:33.665412 bgp_send: sending 19 bytes to abcd::10:255:170:84 (External AS 13979)
   

3. 使用命令验证 show route receive-protocol 设备 PE4 上是否已收到路由。

   设备 PE4 上未启用 AIGP，因此对于前缀 99.0.0.0/24，AIGP 属性将被静默丢弃，并且不会出现在以下输出中：

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE4> show route receive-protocol bgp 10.9.9.5 extensive | find 55.0.0.0
   * 99.0.0.0/24 (2 entries, 1 announced)
        Accepted
        Route Label: 301728
        Nexthop: 10.100.1.5
        AS path: 7018 I
   

4. traceoptions检查设备 PE4 上的文件。

   日志中的 traceoptions 以下输出显示收到的 99.0.0.0/24 前缀附加了 AIGP 属性：

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@PE4> show log bgp
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650295 BGP RECV 10.9.9.5+64690 -> 10.9.9.4+179
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650331 BGP RECV message type 2 (Update) length 70
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650350 BGP RECV Update PDU length 70
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650370 BGP RECV flags 0x40 code Origin(1): IGP
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650394 BGP RECV flags 0x40 code ASPath(2) length 6: 7018
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650415 BGP RECV flags 0x80 code AIGP(26): AIGP: 20
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650436 BGP RECV flags 0x90 code MP_reach(14): AFI/SAFI 1/4
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650459 BGP RECV         nhop 10.100.1.5 len 4
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650495 BGP RECV         99.0.0.0/24 (label 301728)
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650574 bgp_rcv_nlri: 99.0.0.0/24
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650607 bgp_rcv_nlri: 99.0.0.0/24 belongs to meshgroup
   Mar 22 09:41:39.650629 bgp_rcv_nlri: 99.0.0.0/24 qualified bnp->ribact 0x0 l2afcb 0x0
   

意义

执行此验证有助于对 AIGP 进行故障排除和调试问题。它使您能够验证网络中的哪些设备发送和接收 AIGP 属性。

CLI 快速配置

要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除所有换行符，更改与您的网络配置匹配所需的任何详细信息，然后将命令复制并粘贴到层次结构级别的 CLI [edit] 中。

设备 CE1

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.1.1/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0101.00
set protocols bgp group PE type external
set protocols bgp group PE family inet unicast
set protocols bgp group PE export ToBGP
set protocols bgp group PE peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group PE neighbor 10.0.0.2
set policy-options policy-statement ToBGP term Direct from protocol direct
set policy-options policy-statement ToBGP term Direct then accept
set routing-options router-id 10.255.1.1
set routing-options autonomous-system 64512

设备 P1

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.6/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.9/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.25/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.3.3/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0303.00
set protocols mpls interface all
set protocols mpls interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols bgp group l3vpn type internal
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-address 10.255.3.3
set protocols bgp group l3vpn family inet-vpn unicast
set protocols bgp group l3vpn peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn neighbor 10.255.4.4
set protocols isis interface all level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface all level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols isis interface lo0.0 level 2 metric 0
set protocols ldp deaggregate
set protocols ldp interface all
set protocols ldp interface fxp0.0 disable
set routing-options router-id 10.255.3.3

设备 P2

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.10/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.13/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.4.4/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0404.00
set protocols mpls interface all
set protocols mpls interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients type internal
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients local-address 10.255.4.4
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients family inet-vpn unicast
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients cluster 10.255.4.4
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients neighbor 10.255.3.3
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients neighbor 10.255.7.7
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients neighbor 10.255.2.2
set protocols bgp group Core-RRClients neighbor 10.255.5.5
set protocols isis interface all level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface all level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols isis interface lo0.0 level 2 metric 0
set protocols ldp deaggregate
set protocols ldp interface all
set protocols ldp interface fxp0.0 disable
set routing-options router-id 10.255.4.4
set routing-options autonomous-system 65534

设备 P3

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.22/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.26/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.30/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.7.7/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0707.00
set protocols mpls interface all
set protocols mpls interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols bgp group l3vpn type internal
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-address 10.255.7.7
set protocols bgp group l3vpn family inet-vpn unicast
set protocols bgp group l3vpn peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn neighbor 10.255.4.4
set protocols isis interface all level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface all level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols isis interface lo0.0 level 2 metric 0
set protocols ldp deaggregate
set protocols ldp interface all
set protocols ldp interface fxp0.0 disable
set routing-options router-id 10.255.7.7

设备 PE1

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.5/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.21/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.2.2/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0202.00
set protocols mpls interface ge-1/2/2.0
set protocols mpls interface ge-1/2/1.0
set protocols mpls interface lo0.0
set protocols mpls interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols bgp group l3vpn type internal
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-address 10.255.2.2
set protocols bgp group l3vpn family inet-vpn unicast
set protocols bgp group l3vpn peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn neighbor 10.255.4.4
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/1.0 level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/1.0 level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/2.0 level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/2.0 level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols isis interface lo0.0 level 2 metric 0
set protocols ldp deaggregate
set protocols ldp interface ge-1/2/1.0
set protocols ldp interface ge-1/2/2.0
set protocols ldp interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols ldp interface lo0.0
set routing-instances VPN-A instance-type vrf
set routing-instances VPN-A interface ge-1/2/0.0
set routing-instances VPN-A route-distinguisher 65534:1234
set routing-instances VPN-A vrf-target target:65534:1234
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE type external
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE family inet unicast
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE neighbor 10.0.0.1 peer-as 64512
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE neighbor 10.0.0.1 as-override
set routing-options router-id 10.255.2.2
set routing-options autonomous-system 65534

设备 PE2

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.14/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.17/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.29/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family mpls
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.5.5/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0505.00
set protocols mpls interface ge-1/2/0.0
set protocols mpls interface ge-1/2/2.0
set protocols mpls interface lo0.0
set protocols mpls interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols bgp group l3vpn type internal
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-address 10.255.5.5
set protocols bgp group l3vpn family inet-vpn unicast
set protocols bgp group l3vpn peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn local-as 65534
set protocols bgp group l3vpn neighbor 10.255.4.4
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/0.0 level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/0.0 level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/2.0 level 2 metric 10
set protocols isis interface ge-1/2/2.0 level 1 disable
set protocols isis interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols isis interface lo0.0 level 2 metric 0
set protocols ldp deaggregate
set protocols ldp interface ge-1/2/0.0
set protocols ldp interface ge-1/2/2.0
set protocols ldp interface fxp0.0 disable
set protocols ldp interface lo0.0
set routing-instances VPN-A instance-type vrf
set routing-instances VPN-A interface ge-1/2/1.0
set routing-instances VPN-A route-distinguisher 65534:1234
set routing-instances VPN-A vrf-target target:65534:1234
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE type external
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE family inet unicast
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE neighbor 10.0.0.18 peer-as 64512
set routing-instances VPN-A protocols bgp group CE neighbor 10.0.0.18 as-override
set routing-options router-id 10.255.5.5
set routing-options autonomous-system 65534

设备 CE2

set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.18/30
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.6.6/32
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0606.00
set protocols bgp group PE type external
set protocols bgp group PE family inet unicast
set protocols bgp group PE export ToBGP
set protocols bgp group PE peer-as 65534
set protocols bgp group PE neighbor 10.0.0.17
set policy-options policy-statement ToBGP term Direct from protocol direct
set policy-options policy-statement ToBGP term Direct then accept
set routing-options router-id 10.255.6.6
set routing-options autonomous-system 64512

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅 CLI 用户指南中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置 AS 覆盖：

1. 配置接口。

   要启用 MPLS，请在接口上包含协议家族，以便接口不会丢弃传入的 MPLS 流量。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family iso
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family mpls
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.5/30
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family iso
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/1 unit 0 family mpls
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.21/30
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family iso
   user@PE1# set ge-1/2/2 unit 0 family mpls
   user@PE1# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 10.255.2.2/32
   user@PE1# set lo0 unit 0 family iso address 49.0001.0010.0000.0202.00
   

2. 将接口添加到 MPLS 协议以建立控制平面级别的连接。

   设置 IGP，以便提供商设备可以相互通信。

   要建立分发 MPLS 标签的机制，请启用 LDP。（可选）对于 LDP，启用转发等效类 （FEC） 分解，这样可以加快全局收敛速度。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols]
   user@PE1# set mpls interface ge-1/2/2.0
   user@PE1# set mpls interface ge-1/2/1.0
   user@PE1# set mpls interface lo0.0
   user@PE1# set mpls interface fxp0.0 disable
   user@PE1# set isis interface ge-1/2/1.0 level 2 metric 10
   user@PE1# set isis interface ge-1/2/1.0 level 1 disable
   user@PE1# set isis interface ge-1/2/2.0 level 2 metric 10
   user@PE1# set isis interface ge-1/2/2.0 level 1 disable
   user@PE1# set isis interface fxp0.0 disable
   user@PE1# set isis interface lo0.0 level 2 metric 0
   user@PE1# set ldp deaggregate
   user@PE1# set ldp interface ge-1/2/1.0
   user@PE1# set ldp interface ge-1/2/2.0
   user@PE1# set ldp interface fxp0.0 disable
   user@PE1# set ldp interface lo0.0
   

3. 使用 IPv4 VPN 单播地址族，启用内部 BGP （IBGP） 连接，以便仅与 RR 对等。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group l3vpn]
   user@PE1# set type internal
   user@PE1# set local-address 10.255.2.2
   user@PE1# set family inet-vpn unicast
   user@PE1# set peer-as 65534
   user@PE1# set local-as 65534
   user@PE1# set neighbor 10.255.4.4
   

4. 配置路由实例，包括 as-override 语句。

   在 PE 设备上创建路由实例 （VRF），并将 BGP 配置设置为与设备 CE1 对等。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-instances VPN-A]
   user@PE1# set instance-type vrf
   user@PE1# set interface ge-1/2/0.0
   user@PE1# set route-distinguisher 65534:1234
   user@PE1# set vrf-target target:65534:1234
   user@PE1# set protocols bgp group CE type external
   user@PE1# set protocols bgp group CE family inet unicast
   user@PE1# set protocols bgp group CE neighbor 10.0.0.1 peer-as 64512
   user@PE1# set protocols bgp group CE neighbor 10.0.0.1 as-override
   

5. 配置路由器 ID 和 AS 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@PE1# set router-id 10.255.2.2
   user@PE1# set autonomous-system 65534
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show protocols、show routing-instances 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的配置说明，以便进行更正。

user@PE1# show interfaces
ge-1/2/0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.2/30;
        }
        family iso;
        family mpls;
    }
}
ge-1/2/1 {
    unit 5 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.5/30;
        }
        family iso;
        family mpls;
    }
}
ge-1/2/2 {
    unit 21 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.21/30;
        }
        family iso;
        family mpls;
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 0 {
        family inet {
            address 10.255.2.2/32;
        }
        family iso {
            address 49.0001.0010.0000.0202.00;
        }
    }
}

user@PE1# show protocols
mpls {
    interface ge-1/2/2.0;
    interface ge-1/2/1.0;
    interface lo0.0;
    interface fxp0.0 {
        disable;
    }
}
bgp {
    group l3vpn {
        type internal;
        local-address 10.255.2.2;
        family inet-vpn {
            unicast;
        }
        peer-as 65534;
        local-as 65534;
        neighbor 10.255.4.4;
    }
}
isis {
    interface ge-1/2/1.0 {
        level 2 metric 10;
        level 1 disable;
    }
    interface ge-1/2/2.0 {
        level 2 metric 10;
        level 1 disable;
    }
    interface fxp0.0 {
        disable;
    }
    interface lo0.0 {
        level 2 metric 0;
    }
}
ldp {
    deaggregate;
    interface ge-1/2/1.0;
    interface ge-1/2/2.0;
    interface fxp0.0 {
        disable;
    }
    interface lo0.0;
}

user@PE1# show routing-instances
VPN-A {
    instance-type vrf;
    interface ge-1/2/0.0;
    route-distinguisher 65534:1234;
    vrf-target target:65534:1234;
    protocols {
        bgp {
            group CE {
                type external;
                family inet {
                    unicast;
                }
                neighbor 10.0.0.1 {
                    peer-as 64512;
                    as-override;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

user@PE1# show routing-options
router-id 10.255.2.2;
autonomous-system 65534;

如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit。

目的

在设备 PE1 上显示有关设备 CE2 环路接口路由的 AS 路径属性的信息。

操作

在设备 PE1 上，从操作模式输入 show route table VPN-A.inet.0 10.255.6.6 命令。

user@PE1> show route table VPN-A.inet.0 10.255.6.6
 

VPN-A.inet.0: 5 destinations, 6 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.255.6.6/32      *[BGP/170] 02:19:35, localpref 100, from 10.255.4.4
                      AS path: 64512 I, validation-state: unverified
                    > to 10.0.0.22 via ge-1/2/2.0, Push 300032, Push 299776(top)

意义

输出显示设备 PE1 具有来自 AS 64512 的 10.255.6.6/32 的 AS 路径。

目的

确保到设备 CE2 的路由已播发到设备 CE1，就像它来自 MPLS 核心一样。

操作

在设备 PE1 上，从操作模式输入 show route advertising-protocol bgp 10.0.0.1 命令。

user@PE1> show route advertising-protocol bgp 10.0.0.1
 
VPN-A.inet.0: 5 destinations, 6 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
  Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
* 10.0.0.16/30            Self                                    I
* 10.255.1.1/32           10.0.0.1                                65534 I
* 10.255.6.6/32           Self                                    65534 I

意义

输出指示设备 PE1 在 AS 路径中仅播发自己的 AS 编号。

目的

确保设备 CE1 在通往设备 CE2 的路由的 AS 路径中仅包含提供程序 AS 编号。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show route table inet.0 terse 10.255.6.6 命令。

user@CE1> show route table inet.0 terse 10.255.6.6

inet.0: 5 destinations, 6 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 1 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

A V Destination        P Prf   Metric 1   Metric 2  Next hop        AS path
* ? 10.255.6.6/32      B 170        100                             65534 65534 I
  unverified                                       >10.0.0.2

意义

输出指示设备 CE1 具有到设备 CE2 的路由。循环问题可通过使用该 as-override 语句得到解决。

一个路由在 CE 设备上隐藏。这是因为 Junos OS 不执行 BGP 水平分割。通常，BGP 中的水平分割是不必要的，因为由于 AS 路径长度（对于 EBGP）、AS 路径环路检测 （IBGP） 或其他 BGP 指标，发起方可能接收回的任何路由都不太优先。将路由播发回从中获知的邻居对路由器性能的影响可以忽略不计，这是正确的做法。

分步过程

以下示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 R1：

1. 配置设备接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@R1# set xe-0/2/0 description R1-to-R2
   user@R1# set xe-0/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30
   user@R1# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32
   

2. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R1# set type external
   user@R1# set peer-as 64511
   user@R1# set neighbor 10.0.0.2
   

3. 通过包含 loops 2 语句，防止来自设备 R3 的路由在设备 R1 上被隐藏。

   该 loops 2 语句意味着本地设备自己的 AS 编号最多可以在 AS 路径中出现一次，而不会导致路由被隐藏。如果在路径中检测到本地设备的 AS 编号两次或更多次，则路由将被隐藏。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp family inet unicast]
   user@R1# set loops 2
   

4. 配置发送直接路由的路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 1]
   user@R1# set from protocol direct
   user@R1# set then accept
   

5. 将导出策略应用于与设备 R2 的 BGP 对等会话。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R1# set export send-direct
   

6. 配置自治系统 (AS) 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options ]
   user@R1# set autonomous-system 64512
   

分步过程

要配置设备 R2：

1. 配置设备接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@R2# set xe-0/2/0 description R2-to-R1
   user@R2# set xe-0/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30
   user@R2# set xe-0/2/1 description R2-to-R3
   user@R2# set xe-0/2/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.1.0.1/30
   user@R2# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32
   

2. 配置 BGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit  protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# set type external
   user@R2# set neighbor 10.0.0.1 peer-as 64512
   user@R2# set neighbor 10.1.0.2 peer-as 64512
   

3. 配置设备 R2，以从一个 EBGP 对等方获知的路由播发至同一 AS 中的另一个 EBGP 对等方。

   换句话说，播发至从设备 R3 获知的设备 R1 路由（反之亦然），即使设备 R1 和设备 R3 在同一 AS 中。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit  protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# set advertise-peer-as
   

4. 配置发送直接路由的路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 1]
   user@R2# set from protocol direct
   user@R2# set then accept
   

5. 应用导出策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# set export send-direct
   

6. 配置 AS 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R2# set autonomous-system 64511
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show protocols、show policy-options 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

设备 R1

user@R1# show interfaces
xe-0/2/0 {
    description R1-to-R2;
    unit 0 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.1/30;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 0 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.0.1/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R1# show protocols
bgp {
    family inet {
        unicast {
            loops 2;
        }
    }
    group ext {
        type external;
        export send-direct;
        peer-as 64511;
        neighbor 10.0.0.2;
    }
}

user@R1# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R1# show routing-options
autonomous-system 64512;

设备 R2

user@R2# show interfaces
xe-0/2/0 {
    description R2-to-R1;
    unit 0 {
        family inet {
            address 10.0.0.2/30;
        }
    }
}
xe-0/2/1 {
    description R2-to-R3;
    unit 0 {
        family inet {
            address 10.1.0.1/30;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 0 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.0.2/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R2# show protocols
bgp {
    group ext {
        type external;
        advertise-peer-as;
        export send-direct;
        neighbor 10.0.0.1 {
            peer-as 64512;
        }
        neighbor 10.1.0.2 {
            peer-as 64512;
        }
    }
}

user@R2# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R2# show routing-options
autonomous-system 64511;

如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit 。

目的

确保设备 R1 和设备 R3 上的路由表包含预期的路由。

操作

1. 在设备 R2 上，停用 advertise-peer-as BGP 配置中的语句。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit  protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# deactivate advertise-peer-as
   user@R2# commit
   

2. 在设备 R3 上，停用 loops BGP 配置中的语句。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit  protocols bgp family inet unicast ]
   user@R3# deactivate unicast loops 
   user@R3# commit
   

3. 在设备 R1 上，检查向设备 R2 播发的路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@R1> show route advertising-protocol bgp 10.0.0.2
   inet.0: 5 destinations, 6 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
     Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
   * 10.0.0.0/30             Self                                    I
   * 192.168.0.1/32          Self                                    I
   

4. 在设备 R2 上，检查从设备 R1 接收的路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@R2> show route receive-protocol bgp 10.0.0.1
   inet.0: 7 destinations, 9 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
     Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
     10.0.0.0/30             10.0.0.1                                64512 I
   * 192.168.0.1/32          10.0.0.1                                64512 I

5. 在设备 R2 上，检查向设备 R3 播发的路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@R2> show route advertising-protocol bgp 10.1.0.2
   inet.0: 7 destinations, 9 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
     Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
   * 10.0.0.0/30             Self                                    I
   * 10.1.0.0/30             Self                                    I
   * 192.168.0.2/32          Self                                    I
   

6. 在设备 R2 上，激活 advertise-peer-as BGP 配置中的语句。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit  protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# activate advertise-peer-as
   user@R2# commit
   

7. 在设备 R2 上，重新检查播发到设备 R3 的路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@R2> show route advertising-protocol bgp 10.1.0.2
   inet.0: 7 destinations, 9 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
     Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
   * 10.0.0.0/30             Self                                    I
   * 10.1.0.0/30             Self                                    I
   * 192.168.0.1/32          Self             64512 I
   * 192.168.0.2/32          Self                                    I
   * 192.168.0.3/32          10.1.0.2         64512 I

8. 在设备 R3 上，检查从设备 R2 接收的路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   user@R3> show route receive-protocol bgp 10.1.0.1
   inet.0: 5 destinations, 6 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
     Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
   * 10.0.0.0/30             10.1.0.1                                64511 I
     10.1.0.0/30             10.1.0.1                                64511 I
   * 192.168.0.2/32          10.1.0.1                                64511 I

9. 在设备 R3 上，激活 loops BGP 配置中的语句。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit  protocols bgp family inet unicast ]
   user@R3# activate unicast loops 
   user@R3# commit
   

10. 在设备 R3 上，重新检查从设备 R2 接收的路由。

    content_copy zoom_out_map

    user@R3> show route receive-protocol bgp 10.1.0.1
    inet.0: 6 destinations, 8 routes (6 active, 0 holddown, 1 hidden)
      Prefix                  Nexthop              MED     Lclpref    AS path
    * 10.0.0.0/30             10.1.0.1                                64511 I
      10.1.0.0/30             10.1.0.1                                64511 I
    * 192.168.0.1/32          10.1.0.1                                64511 64512 I
    * 192.168.0.2/32          10.1.0.1                                64511 I
    

意义

首先停用 advertise-peer-as 语句和 loops 语句，以便可以检查默认行为。设备 R1 向设备 R2 发送指向设备 R1 环路接口地址 192.168.0.1/32 的路由。设备 R2 不会将此路由播发到设备 R3。激活 advertise-peer-as 语句后，设备 R2 会将 192.168.0.1/32 路由播发至设备 R3。设备 R3 在激活语句之前 loops 不接受此路由。

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 R2：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@R2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 2 family inet address 192.168.10.2/24
   user@R2# set fe-1/2/1 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.20.2/24
   user@R2# set lo0 unit 2 family inet address 10.2.2.2/32
   

2. 配置 EBGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@R2# set type external
   user@R2# set export send-direct
   user@R2# set export send-static
   user@R2# set export send-local
   user@R2# set neighbor 192.168.10.1 peer-as 65001
   user@R2# set neighbor 192.168.20.1 peer-as 65003
   

3. 配置在 Junos OS 路径选择算法中要忽略的自治系统 (AS) 路径属性。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp]
   user@R2# set path-selection as-path-ignore
   

4. 配置路由策略。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit policy-options]
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 from protocol direct
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-direct term 1 then accept
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-local term 1 from protocol local
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-local term 1 then accept
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-static term 1 from protocol static
   user@R2# set policy-statement send-static term 1 then accept
   

5. 配置一些静态路由。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options static]
   user@R2# set route 192.168.50.0/24 next-hop 192.168.10.1
   user@R2# set route 192.168.40.0/24 next-hop 192.168.10.1
   user@R2# set route 192.168.30.0/24 next-hop 192.168.20.1
   

6. 配置自治系统 (AS) 编号和路由器 ID。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@R2# set router-id 10.2.2.2
   user@R2# set autonomous-system 65002
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show policy-options、show protocols 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@R2# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.10.2/24;
        }
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 3 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.20.2/24;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 10.2.2.2/32;
        }
    }
}

user@R2# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
    term 1 {
        from protocol direct;
        then accept;
    }
}
policy-statement send-local {
    term 1 {
        from protocol local;
        then accept;
    }
}
policy-statement send-static {
    term 1 {
        from protocol static;
        then accept;
    }
}

user@R2# show protocols
bgp {
    path-selection as-path-ignore;
    group ext {
        type external;
        export [ send-direct send-static send-local ];
        neighbor 192.168.10.1 {
            peer-as 65001;
        }
        neighbor 192.168.20.1 {
            peer-as 65003;
        }
    }
}

user@R2# show routing-options
static {
    route 192.168.50.0/24 next-hop 192.168.10.1;
    route 192.168.40.0/24 next-hop 192.168.10.1;
    route 192.168.30.0/24 next-hop 192.168.20.1;
}
router-id 10.2.2.2;
autonomous-system 65002;

如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit。在网络中的其他设备上重复配置，根据需要更改接口名称和 IP 地址。

目的

确保从设备 R2 到 AS 4 的活动路径通过 AS 65001 和 AS 65005，而不是通过 AS 65003。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 restart routing 命令。

user@R2> restart routing
Routing protocols process started, pid 49396

在操作模式下，输入 show route 10.4.4.4 protocol bgp 命令。

user@R2> show route 10.4.4.4 protocol bgp
inet.0: 12 destinations, 25 routes (12 active, 0 holddown, 4 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.4.4.4/32         *[BGP/170] 00:00:12, localpref 100
                      AS path: 65001 65005 65004 I
                    > to 192.168.10.1 via fe-1/2/0.2
                    [BGP/170] 00:00:08, localpref 100
                      AS path: 65003 65004 I
                    > to 192.168.20.1 via fe-1/2/1.3

意义

星号 （*） 位于从 R1 获知的路径旁边，表示这是活动路径。活动路径的 AS 路径为 65001 65005 65004，比从路由器 R3 获知的非活动路径的 AS 路径 （65003 65004） 长。

分步过程

下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。

要配置设备 ISP：

1. 配置接口。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit interfaces]
   user@ISP# set fe-1/2/0 unit 2 family inet address 192.168.10.10/24
   user@ISP# set fe-1/2/1 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.20.20/24
   user@ISP# set lo0 unit 2 family inet address 10.10.0.1/32
   

2. 配置 EBGP。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@ISP# set type external
   user@ISP# set neighbor 192.168.10.1 peer-as 65530
   user@ISP# set neighbor 192.168.20.1 peer-as 200
   

3. 对于自治系统 (AS) 200 中的邻接方（设备 R2），请从播发的 AS 路径中移除专用 AS 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit protocols bgp group ext]
   user@ISP# set neighbor 192.168.20.1 remove-private
   

4. 配置 AS 编号。

   content_copy zoom_out_map

   [edit routing-options]
   user@ISP# set autonomous-system 100
   

结果

在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces、 show protocols和 show routing-options 命令确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。

user@ISP# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.10.10/24;
        }
    }
}
fe-1/2/1 {
    unit 3 {
        family inet {
            address 192.168.20.20/24;
        }
    }
}
lo0 {
    unit 2 {
        family inet {
            address 10.10.0.1/32;
        }
    }
}

user@ISP# show protocols
bgp {
    group ext {
        type external;
        neighbor 192.168.10.1 {
            peer-as 65530;
        }
        neighbor 192.168.20.1 {
            remove-private;
            peer-as 200;
        }
    }
}

user@ISP# show routing-options
autonomous-system 100;

如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit。对设备 R1 和设备 R2 重复配置，根据需要更改接口名称和 IP 地址，然后添加路由策略配置。

目的

确保设备 ISP remove-private 在其与设备 R2 的邻居会话中启用了该设置。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show bgp neighbor 192.168.20.1 命令。

user@ISP> show bgp neighbor 192.168.20.1
Peer: 192.168.20.1+179 AS 200  Local: 192.168.20.20+60216 AS 100  
  Type: External    State: Established    Flags: <ImportEval Sync>
  Last State: OpenConfirm   Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
  Last Error: None
  Options: <Preference RemovePrivateAS PeerAS Refresh>
  Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
  Number of flaps: 0
  Peer ID: 10.10.20.1      Local ID: 10.10.0.1         Active Holdtime: 90
  Keepalive Interval: 30         Peer index: 0   
  BFD: disabled, down
  Local Interface: fe-1/2/1.3                       
  NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
  NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
  NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
  Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
  Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
  Peer does not support Restarter functionality
  NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
  NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
  NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
  Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 200)
  Peer does not support Addpath
  Table inet.0 Bit: 10001
    RIB State: BGP restart is complete
    Send state: in sync
    Active prefixes:              1
    Received prefixes:            3
    Accepted prefixes:            2
    Suppressed due to damping:    0
    Advertised prefixes:          1
  Last traffic (seconds): Received 10   Sent 16   Checked 55  
  Input messages:  Total 54     Updates 3       Refreshes 0     Octets 1091
  Output messages: Total 54     Updates 1       Refreshes 0     Octets 1118
  Output Queue[0]: 0

意义

该 RemovePrivateAS 选项显示设备 ISP 具有预期的设置。

目的

请确保设备具有预期的路由和 AS 路径。

操作

在操作模式下，输入 show route protocol bgp 命令。

user@R1> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.10.20.1/32      *[BGP/170] 00:28:57, localpref 100
                      AS path: 100 200 I
                    > to 192.168.10.10 via fe-1/2/0.1

user@ISP> show route protocol bgp

inet.0: 7 destinations, 11 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 2 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.10.10.1/32      *[BGP/170] 00:29:40, localpref 100
                      AS path: 65530 I
                    > to 192.168.10.1 via fe-1/2/0.2
10.10.20.1/32      *[BGP/170] 00:29:36, localpref 100
                      AS path: 200 I
                    > to 192.168.20.1 via fe-1/2/1.3
192.168.10.0/24     [BGP/170] 00:29:40, localpref 100
                      AS path: 65530 I
                    > to 192.168.10.1 via fe-1/2/0.2
192.168.20.0/24     [BGP/170] 00:29:36, localpref 100
                      AS path: 200 I
                    > to 192.168.20.1 via fe-1/2/1.3

user@R2> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.10.10.1/32      *[BGP/170] 00:29:53, localpref 100
                      AS path: 100 I
                    > to 192.168.20.20 via fe-1/2/0.4

意义

设备 ISP 在到设备 R1 的 AS 路径中具有专用 AS 编号 65530。但是，设备 ISP 不会将此专用 AS 编号播发至设备 R2。这显示在设备 R2 的路由表中。设备 R2 到设备 R1 的路径仅包含设备 ISP 的 AS 编号。

目的

验证不使用语句时 remove-private ，专用 AS 编号是否显示在设备 R2 的路由表中。

操作

在设备 ISP 上的配置模式下，输入 deactivate remove-private 命令，然后重新检查设备 R2 上的路由表。

[protocols bgp group ext neighbor 192.168.20.1]
user@ISP# deactivate remove-private
user@ISP# commit

user@R2> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both

10.10.10.1/32      *[BGP/170] 00:00:54, localpref 100
                      AS path: 100 65530 I
                    > to 192.168.20.20 via fe-1/2/0.4

意义

专用 AS 编号 65530 显示在设备 R2 到设备 R1 的 AS 路径中。