示例：根据 BGP 社区数量配置路由策略
此示例说明如何根据 BGP 社区的数量创建接受 BGP 路由的策略。
要求
在配置此示例之前，不需要除设备初始化之外的特殊配置。
概述
此示例显示了两台路由设备之间具有外部 BGP （EBGP） 连接。设备 R2 使用 BGP 会话向设备 R1 发送两个静态路由。在设备 R1 上，导入策略指定 BGP 接收的路由最多可以包含五个社区，以被视为匹配。例如，如果路径包含三个社区，则会将其视为匹配并被接受。如果路径包含六个或更多社区，则会将其视为不匹配并被拒绝。
请务必记住，EBGP 的默认策略是接受所有路由。若要确保拒绝不匹配的路由，必须在策略定义的末尾包含一个 then reject 操作。
配置
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除所有换行符，更改与您的网络配置匹配所需的任何详细信息，然后将命令复制并粘贴到层次结构级别的 CLI [edit] 中。
设备 R1
set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R2 set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32 set protocols bgp group external-peers type external set protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 2 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.0.0.2 import import-communities set policy-options policy-statement import-communities term 1 from protocol bgp set policy-options policy-statement import-communities term 1 from community-count 5 orlower set policy-options policy-statement import-communities term 1 then accept set policy-options policy-statement import-communities term 2 then reject set routing-options router-id 192.168.0.1 set routing-options autonomous-system 1
设备 R2
set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R1 set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32 set protocols bgp group external-peers type external set protocols bgp group external-peers export statics set protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 1 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.0.0.1 set policy-options policy-statement statics from protocol static set policy-options policy-statement statics then community add 1 set policy-options policy-statement statics then accept set policy-options community 1 members 2:1 set policy-options community 1 members 2:2 set policy-options community 1 members 2:3 set policy-options community 1 members 2:4 set policy-options community 1 members 2:5 set policy-options community 1 members 2:6 set policy-options community 1 members 2:7 set policy-options community 1 members 2:8 set policy-options community 1 members 2:9 set policy-options community 1 members 2:10 set routing-options static route 10.2.0.0/16 reject set routing-options static route 10.2.0.0/16 install set routing-options static route 10.3.0.0/16 reject set routing-options static route 10.3.0.0/16 install set routing-options router-id 192.168.0.3 set routing-options autonomous-system 2
程序
分步过程
以下示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。
要配置设备 R1：
配置接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R1# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R2 user@R1# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30 user@R1# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32
配置 BGP。
将导入策略应用于与设备 R2 的 BGP 对等会话。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1# set type external user@R1# set peer-as 2 user@R1# set neighbor 10.0.0.2 import import-communities
配置发送直接路由的路由策略。
[edit policy-options policy-statement import-communities] user@R1# set term 1 from protocol bgp user@R1# set term 1 from community-count 5 orlower user@R1# set term 1 then accept user@R1# set term 2 then reject
配置自治系统 (AS) 编号和路由器 ID。
[edit routing-options ] user@R1# set router-id 192.168.0.1 user@R1# set autonomous-system 1
分步过程
以下示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。
要配置设备 R2：
配置接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R2# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R1 user@R2# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30 user@R2# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32
配置路由器 ID 和自治系统 （AS） 编号。
[edit routing-options] user@R2# set router-id 192.168.0.3 user@R2# set autonomous-system 2
配置 BGP。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R2# set type external user@R2# set peer-as 1 user@R2# set neighbor 10.0.0.1
配置多个社区，或配置具有多个成员的单个社区。
[edit policy-options community 1] user@R2# set members 2:1 user@R2# set members 2:2 user@R2# set members 2:3 user@R2# set members 2:4 user@R2# set members 2:5 user@R2# set members 2:6 user@R2# set members 2:7 user@R2# set members 2:8 user@R2# set members 2:9 user@R2# set members 2:10
配置静态路由。
[edit routing-options static] user@R2# set route 10.2.0.0/16 reject user@R2# set route 10.2.0.0/16 install user@R2# set route 10.3.0.0/16 reject user@R2# set route 10.3.0.0/16 install
配置路由策略，用于将静态路由播发到 BGP 中，并将 BGP 社区添加到路由。
[edit policy-options policy-statement statics] user@R2# set from protocol static user@R2# set then community add 1 user@R2# set then accept
应用导出策略。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R2# set export statics
结果
在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show protocols、show policy-options 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。
设备 R1
user@R1# show interfaces
fe-1/1/0 {
unit 0{
description to-R2;
family inet {
address 10.0.0.1/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.0.1/32;
}
}
}
}
user@R1# show protocols
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 2;
neighbor 10.0.0.2 {
import import-communities;
}
}
}
user@R1# show policy-options
policy-statement import-communities {
term 1 {
from {
protocol bgp;
community-count 5 orlower;
}
then accept;
}
term 2 {
then reject;
}
}
user@R1# show routing-options router-id 192.168.0.1; autonomous-system 1;
设备 R2
user@R2# show interfaces
fe-1/1/0 {
unit 0 {
description to-R1;
family inet {
address 10.0.0.2/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.0.2/32;
}
}
}
user@R2# show protocols
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
export statics;
peer-as 1;
neighbor 10.0.0.1;
}
}
user@R2# show policy-options
policy-statement statics {
from protocol static;
then {
community add 1;
accept;
}
}
community 1 members [ 2:1 2:2 2:3 2:4 2:5 2:6 2:7 2:8 2:9 2:10 ];
user@R2# show routing-options
static {
route 10.2.0.0/16 {
reject;
install;
}
route 10.3.0.0/16 {
reject;
install;
}
}
router-id 192.168.0.3;
autonomous-system 2;
如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit 。
验证
确认配置工作正常。
验证 BGP 路由
目的
确保设备 R1 上的路由表包含预期的 BGP 路由。
操作
在设备 R1 上，运行
show route protocols bgp命令。user@R1> show route protocols bgp inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (3 active, 0 holddown, 2 hidden)
在设备 R1 上，更改
community-count导入策略中的配置。[edit policy-options policy-statement import-communities term 1] user@R1# set from community-count 5 orhigher user@R1# commit
在设备 R1 上，运行
show route protocols bgp命令。user@R1> show route protocols bgp inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) + = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both 10.2.0.0/16 *[BGP/170] 18:29:53, localpref 100 AS path: 2 I, validation-state: unverified > to 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/1/0.0 10.3.0.0/16 *[BGP/170] 18:29:53, localpref 100 AS path: 2 I, validation-state: unverified > to 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/1/0.0在设备 R1 上，运行
show route protocols bgp extensive命令以查看播发的社区。user@R1> show route protocols bgp extensive inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) 10.2.0.0/16 (1 entry, 1 announced) TSI: KRT in-kernel 10.2.0.0/16 -> {10.0.0.2} *BGP Preference: 170/-101 Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 671 Address: 0x9458270 Next-hop reference count: 4 Source: 10.0.0.2 Next hop: 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/1/0.0, selected Session Id: 0x100001 State: <Active Ext> Local AS: 1 Peer AS: 2 Age: 18:56:10 Validation State: unverified Task: BGP_2.10.0.0.2+179 Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT AS path: 2 I Communities: 2:1 2:2 2:3 2:4 2:5 2:6 2:7 2:8 2:9 2:10 Accepted Localpref: 100 Router ID: 192.168.0.3 10.3.0.0/16 (1 entry, 1 announced) TSI: KRT in-kernel 10.3.0.0/16 -> {10.0.0.2} *BGP Preference: 170/-101 Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 671 Address: 0x9458270 Next-hop reference count: 4 Source: 10.0.0.2 Next hop: 10.0.0.2 via fe-1/1/0.0, selected Session Id: 0x100001 State: <Active Ext> Local AS: 1 Peer AS: 2 Age: 18:56:10 Validation State: unverified Task: BGP_2.10.0.0.2+179 Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT AS path: 2 I Communities: 2:1 2:2 2:3 2:4 2:5 2:6 2:7 2:8 2:9 2:10 Accepted Localpref: 100 Router ID: 192.168.0.3
意义
输出显示，在设备 R1 的路由表中，从设备 R2 发送的 BGP 路由是隐藏的。community-count修改设备 R1 导入策略中的设置后，BGP 路由将不再隐藏。